Factors affecting youth bullying behavior: literature review

Abstract

Background: Bullying behavior that is unpleasant—whether verbal, physical, or social—occurs both in the real world and in cyberspace, making a person uncomfortable and repeatedly targeted by individuals or groups. We aimed to determine the factors that influence bullying behavior in adolescents.

Methods: This study used a literature review method. Data were obtained from electronic databases such as PubMed and Google Scholar.

Results: Based on a journal review, bullying often occurs among individuals aged 10-18 years, with a higher incidence in girls compared to boys. Factors that influence bullying include individual characteristics, family dynamics, peer relationships, the school environment, and the broader social environment. Solutions to bullying problems involve the roles of parents, schools, and the community.

Conclusion: Bullying is commonly experienced by adolescents aged 10-18 years, with many cases involving girls. Factors influencing bullying include individual characteristics, family dynamics, peer relationships, the school environment, and the social environment. Bullying behavior can have both physical and psychological impacts. Solutions involve the active roles of families, schools, and the surrounding community.